There is a real danger that the sugar industry in this
country will not be around in 20 , ten , even five years if government
continues to fold its arms and do nothing about current developments.
A bit of background should help put the scene in context.
Uganda’s sugar industry goes back to the early 20th
century when the precursors of the Kakira Sugar Works and Sugar Company of
Uganda Ltd (SCOUL) planted their first seedlings in Kakira outside Jinja and in
Lugazi respectively.
By the time of independence we were already self-sufficient
in sugar production with the addition of Kinyara Sugar in western Uganda.
The Idi Amin era and the expulsion of the Asians in 1972
sent our production back to scratch. The industry has only been resuscitated in
the last 30 or so years.
The three major players have used the time tested method of
using outgrowers to supplement the sugar cane harvested from their nucleus
plantations.
They have helped the outgrowers with seedlings, credit and
other extension services to ensure the productivity of their farms, in addition
they have provided social services like health and education for their areas.
In fact seeing as government has forgotten how to promote
agriculture, the ministry would do well to study these industrial estates to
learn how to support farmers in increasing the productivity of their farms.
"Until the turn of the century the three big sugar concerns have been expanding their production to the point that we are currently the only country in the community that has a surplus of sugar, meaning that we do not have to import sugar...
But they haven’t stopped there. The three industry have
created supplementary industries – power generation and ethanol manufacture
from the by-products of sugar production.
Of all the industries government has tried to grow the sugar industry has been the most successful.
They are the largest employer of any
industry with at least 20,000 direct employees and tens of thousands more of
people employed up and down the supply lines.
Last year financial between themselves they paid about sh300b in taxes.
And from nearly zero 30 years ago installed capacity has been beefed to crush
400,000 tons per annum.
But in a classic case of biting the hand that feeds it
government through its indifference or even worse out right collusion is
overseeing the collapse of the industry.
In the last decade government has licensed more than half a
dozen mills to crush cane without a corresponding increase in the acreage of
sugar plantation. It does not take rocket scientist to work out that the sugar
cane has to come from existing plantations.
"The trade ministry has disingenuously argued that there is no law that prohibits the licensing of sugar millers. The existing policy, issued in 2010, while it lays out the parameters within which the sugar industry will operate, has not got the force of law the ministry argues. In the meantime they has been a pointed lack of urgency in passing a law for the sector. We know that if this government wants something passed it will be passed in double quick time. Passing the Sugar Bill, 2016 is clearly not one of its priorities....
It should be because not only have these new operators
disrupted the operations of existing players --- they claim they are plants are
now working at only 47 percent but thousands of tons of sugar have been
smuggled into the country, meaning existing players are just stockpiling the sweetener
– 600,000 bags at last count, priced out of the market by the smuggled sugar.
The three major producers have only just expanded their
production capacity to take advantage of regional opportunities having planned
for the increased acreage under cane, which they now find is being poached
voraciously.
The Uganda sugar industry faces the real danger of going the
way of their Kenyan counterparts. Kenya, who supplied the region in the days
when our sugar industry was in doldrums, have seen their industry collapse
following a similar pattern as is happening in Uganda, a deliberate conspiracy
between the sugar importing cartels and corrupt government officials. As a
result the government has opened the flood gates for imported sugar to come in
unabated.
At the height of its powers Kenya’s sugar industry was
producing almost 700,000 metric tons of sugar annually and has still been
brought to its knees. Uganda at its peak in 2015 produced 420,000 tons of
sugar.
The big three are not angels and their might be legitimate
concerns about how they do business, but that is not cause to throw the baby
out with the bathwater.
